Last reviewed May 17, 2026

Typhoid vs malaria: why fever should not be guessed

In Nigeria, people often call fever “malaria and typhoid.” The safer approach is testing and clinical evaluation, because symptoms can overlap.

Quick answer

Typhoid fever and malaria are different illnesses with different causes and treatments. Fever, headache, weakness, stomach symptoms, and body pain can overlap, so self-diagnosis is risky.

Malaria

WHO describes malaria as a life-threatening disease spread by some mosquitoes. Symptoms can include fever, chills, headache, tiredness, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea.

Typhoid fever

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection usually linked to contaminated food or water. Symptoms can include fever, weakness, stomach pain, headache, diarrhoea or constipation.

When to seek care

  • Fever that lasts, worsens, or returns.
  • Confusion, severe weakness, dehydration, persistent vomiting, or breathing difficulty.
  • Pregnancy, young children, older adults, or chronic illness.

Related: Malaria symptoms, Lassa fever vs malaria, Cholera prevention.